Weatherhill airport program · Published 14 October 2026 · Source-linked research, prepared with AI assistance. No airport trial results are reported.
Keep the evidence levels visible
A physical explanation, a laboratory result, a field result and an operational benefit are different kinds of evidence. Each can be valuable, but none should quietly stand in for another. The airport program is structured around that distinction.
Published fog-collection research supports investigation of a mechanism. It does not establish a Weatherhill product, a certified installation or a customer outcome. Our proposed studies would label their inputs and findings so a reader can identify what comes from an external source, what is an analytical assumption and what has actually been measured.
Prefer questions that can fail
A useful hypothesis specifies the effect, location and conditions under which it should occur. It also allows a result that does not support the idea. The proposed testing approach uses controls, predeclared eligibility, independent measurements and uncertainty estimates to make that distinction meaningful.
Weatherhill would seek to record negative results and operating limits alongside successes. If a result depends on a narrow range of conditions, that belongs in the main explanation. A transparent failure can prevent an expensive deployment and can identify a more productive research question.
The final report should preserve enough methodological detail for another team to understand the comparison and assess whether the conclusion follows from it.
Use the right metric and comparison
Water captured, atmospheric extinction, MOR, RVR, aircraft movements and financial outcomes are not interchangeable. Each claim needs a metric suited to the question and a comparison that isolates the proposed contribution. A compelling photograph is an illustration, not a substitute for that analysis.
Comparisons should also account for existing options. Airports already use observation systems, forecasts, operating procedures and engineering measures. A proposed Weatherhill intervention should be judged against the customer's actual alternative, including implementation effort and maintenance, rather than against an unrealistic assumption that nothing is being done.
Build economic cases with visible assumptions
An economic model should identify who pays, who benefits and which losses might plausibly be avoided. Airport, airline, ground-handler and maintenance costs require separate treatment before they are combined. Historical disruption describes exposure; it does not automatically establish recoverable savings.
Our proposed approach uses customer records where available, ranges where uncertainty remains and explicit scenarios for unproven performance. Sensitivity analysis should show which assumptions change the decision. An attractive headline return built on an unsupported physical effect is not a defensible investment case.
Publish status as carefully as results
The current airport program is seeking design partners and defining research and assessment scopes. It has no demonstrated airport fog-clearing result to report. The published topic pages explain the intended questions, relevant external evidence and the proposed route to evaluation.
Future claims should be dated, attributable and tied to a defined test or customer-approved result. Independent specialist input is especially valuable when moving between laboratory, field and aviation contexts. Our standard is simple: make the next decision easier to assess, and make the limits as findable as the promise.
The source register below combines the references used across this airport section. Download the source register as JSON or explore the paper library.
Questions from airport teams
Are the illustrations photographs of Weatherhill airport installations?
No. Concept artwork illustrates the intended research and application area. It should not be interpreted as evidence of installed equipment, field performance or an airport partnership.
Does a cited paper endorse Weatherhill?
No. Sources support the specific scientific or operational points discussed. Citation does not imply author, institution, airline or regulator endorsement.
Will all proposed work become a product?
That is not assumed. A study or pilot should identify whether an idea should advance, change direction or stop based on the evidence and the practical requirements.
Sources & further reading
- FAQ: Weather Delay ↗Federal Aviation Administration · Historical system-impacting delay statistics and the relationship between weather, demand and capacity.
- Order 6560.10D — Runway Visual Range ↗Federal Aviation Administration · RVR definitions, visibility-sensor siting and use for aviation operations.
- Visual Guidance Lighting Systems — Runway Visual Range ↗Federal Aviation Administration · The role of runway visual range in precision approaches and low-visibility operations.
- Runway Visual Range Website Help ↗Federal Aviation Administration · The public display is a situational-awareness resource, not an official operational source.
- Meteorological optical range — LT31 technical documentation ↗Vaisala · Manufacturer documentation explaining the optical relationship underlying MOR.
- Understanding Runway Visual Range with Vaisala Expert Jarmo Pilli ↗Vaisala · Manufacturer explanation of MOR, background luminance and runway-light inputs to RVR.
- Electrostatically driven fog collection using space charge injection ↗MIT / Science Advances · Maher Damak and Kripa K. Varanasi. Science Advances 4(6) (2018), eaao5323. DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aao5323. Collector experiments, not an airport deployment.
- Electrostatic fog collection mechanism and design of an electrostatic fog collector with nearly perfect fog collection efficiency ↗Chemical Engineering Science · Yuan Jiang, Renjie Xu, Siru Liu, Guilian Liu and Xiaohong Yan. Chemical Engineering Science 247 (2022), 117034. DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2021.117034. Publisher abstract/highlights support the reported collector result; full text not reviewed for this page.
- WMO Statement on Weather Modification ↗World Meteorological Organization · Published June 14, 2025; technical assessment covers information through June 2024.
- WestJet service update — August 8, 2024 ↗WestJet · Airline account of aircraft damage and protective actions during the August 5, 2024 Calgary hailstorm.
- WestJet works diligently to safely return 16 aircraft to service in wake of Calgary hailstorm ↗WestJet · Airline account of repair duration and network disruption after the 2024 hailstorm.
- Bird or Hail Strikes on the Radome ↗Airbus Safety First · Manufacturer explanation of potentially hidden damage and the importance of applicable maintenance inspections.
- NSSL Research: Hail ↗NOAA National Severe Storms Laboratory · Hail detection, radar interpretation, microphysics and verification research.
- Lightning and Planes ↗NOAA National Weather Service · Aircraft lightning exposure and inspection consequences; distinct from protecting people on the ramp.
- Lightning Safety and Outdoor Sports Activities ↗NOAA National Weather Service · General lightning-plan principles; not an airport operating procedure or a source of universal ramp thresholds.
- Airport Operations Solutions ↗Earth Networks · Vendor description of existing lightning, weather-observation, alerting and meteorological-service offerings.
- Aeronautical Information Manual — Airport Operations ↗Federal Aviation Administration · Established windshear systems and runway-condition reporting practices.
- Integrated Terminal Weather System ↗Federal Aviation Administration · Description of terminal-weather observations, storm tracking and wind-hazard products.
- Approach Area Weather ↗Vaisala · Vendor overview of radar, lidar, ceilometers and aviation decision-support systems.
- AC 91-79B — Aircraft Landing Performance and Runway Excursion Mitigation ↗Federal Aviation Administration · Heavy-rain and standing-water risks, reporting limitations and landing-performance considerations.
- Airport Drainage Design — AC 150/5320-5D ↗Federal Aviation Administration · Airport surface and subsurface drainage design guidance; current applicability must be checked for each project.
- Safety Management Systems for Airports and Airport Projects ↗Federal Aviation Administration · Airport safety-management and project safety-risk-management resources.
- Aeronautical Studies — Evaluating Effects on Air Navigation and Communication Facilities ↗Federal Aviation Administration · FAA consideration of physical, electromagnetic and line-of-sight effects on aviation infrastructure.
- AC 120-57C — Low Visibility Operations / Surface Movement Guidance and Control Systems ↗Federal Aviation Administration · Airport-specific planning for low-visibility surface movements; issued September 26, 2023.
- Aviation Weather Research Program ↗Federal Aviation Administration · Applied weather research addressing operational needs, including ceiling and visibility.
- Modern Skies Act — S. 5572, introduced text ↗U.S. Government Publishing Office · Introduced September 28, 2026; sections 3, 4 and 6. Proposal, not an awarded grant.
- S. 5572 — bill details and introduced status ↗U.S. Government Publishing Office · Latest action listed: introduced and referred to committee, September 28, 2026. Checked October 14, 2026.
- DOT announcement of the $30 billion Modern Skies proposal ↗U.S. Department of Transportation · September 28, 2026. Broad announcement categories differ in detail from the introduced bill.
- Airport Improvement Program: eligible projects ↗FAA · Includes AWOS and some planning; excludes routine operating costs. Site and project eligibility require FAA determination.
- How the Aviation Research Grants Program works ↗FAA · Identifies universities, colleges and incorporated nonprofit research institutions as eligible grantees.
- Buying, operating and maintaining AWOS ↗FAA · Use approved systems and coordinate acquisition and maintenance with the Non-Federal Program.
